Beam

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Beam

What is Beam?

A beam is a horizontal structural member that supports loads and transfers weight to columns, walls, or foundations.

Description

A beam is a structural element designed to carry loads primarily through bending and distribute those loads to supporting members such as columns, walls, or foundations. Beams are fundamental components in both residential and commercial construction, supporting floors, roofs, and other structural elements.

Beams can be made from a variety of materials, including wood, steel, reinforced concrete, and engineered products such as glulam or laminated veneer lumber (LVL). The type, size, and placement of a beam depend on span length, load requirements, building use, and applicable building codes.

Proper beam design and installation are critical to structural safety and performance. Engineers calculate beam loads, deflection limits, and connections to ensure stability and prevent excessive movement or failure. In construction, accurate placement and secure connections are essential to achieving the intended load path.

FAQs

  • What is the purpose of a beam in construction?

    A beam supports loads from floors, roofs, or walls and transfers them to columns or foundations.

  • What materials are beams made from?

    Beams may be made from wood, steel, reinforced concrete, or engineered wood products.

  • What’s the difference between a beam and a joist?

    Beams support multiple joists or structural elements, while joists typically span between beams or walls.

  • How are beam sizes determined?

    Beam sizes are determined through structural calculations based on loads, span, material, and code requirements.

  • Are beams always visible?

    No, beams may be exposed as design features or concealed within walls, ceilings, or floor systems.

Fun Fact

Some engineered wood beams are stronger and more dimensionally stable than solid lumber—while also allowing longer spans with less material.

CSI Code

05 12 00

NAHB Code

610